Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer suffered by men and seven cancers suffered by women. Liver cancer cases were encountered in those developing countries, especially in Southeast Asia and East, West and Central Africa. In 2008, it was discovered 694,000 cases of liver cancer deaths and cancer made the third leading cause of death in the world. In Indonesia alone, there were 13 238 cases of liver cancer and 112 825 deaths from liver cancer in 2008.
Approximately three-quarters of cases of liver cancer are found in countries in Asia, such as China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea and Japan. Liver cancer is also a disease that is very common in Sub-Saharan Africa, such as in Mozambique and South Africa.
More than 20 cases of liver cancer per 100,000 population occurred in Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Whereas in North America and Western Europe occurred less than five per 100,000 population.
Definition And Symptoms Of Liver Cancer
Liver cancer is one of the diseases associated with hepatobiliary system and pancreas. Some
other defect is gallstones, cirrhosis (hardening of the liver),
hepatitis, liver tumors, fatty liver or fatty liver (a condition where
there is excess fat in the liver) and pancreatic cancer. Impaired liver function can be caused by several things such as
hepatitis virus infection, excessive alcohol consumption, diabetes,
obesity, toxic substances, genetic disorders and cancer.
Hepatobiliary system disorders also can manifest in many forms. Jaundice
or known as jaundice is the most common symptom and become the focus of
the examination although not always be the dominant symptom. A person who is exposed to hepatitis or cirrhosis have jaundice
symptoms, where the skin and whites of the eyes become yellow due to
increased bilirubin in the blood plasma.
Bilirubin
is the main product of the expenditure old red blood cells and filtered
from the blood by the liver, and then released in the bile. If the liver is malfunctioning or damaged then the total bilirubin will result in jaundice.
Disorder of bilirubin in the bile duct drainage due to liver disorder called intrahepatic jaundice. Acute and chronic hepatitis is one of the diseases associated with intrahepatic jaundice. Types
of hepatitis are common attack is hepatitis A, B, and C. Hepatitis A is
an acute liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus is transmitted
through water or food contaminated with the virus. While hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus is transmitted through contact with blood or body fluids of the patient.
Is similar to hepatitis B, hepatitis C is also transmitted through contact with blood contaminated with the virus. Hepatitis C virus infection often leads to acute illness which can
turn into chronic conditions such as cirrhosis of the liver or liver
cancer.
Many people are not aware of the symptoms of heart disease because some of the symptoms do not seem like a serious disease, including body feels tired and weak, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite and fever are often considered a nuisance colds. They had taken seriously if vomiting of blood, skin and eyes becoming yellowish, swelling and pain in the abdomen (stomach), easy bruising and bleeding (bleeding gums or nosebleeds) and mental disorders.
Here is a method of treatment of liver cancer that can be selected by the patient:
1. Systematic Chemotherapy
Systematic chemotherapy most commonly used are doxorubicin (Adriamycin) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU). These drugs are used simultaneously or in combination. Unfortunately, these drugs are very toxic, while the results are often disappointing. In addition, there is also a drug called tamoxifen (Nolvadex). However, so far not shown significant benefits. Another drug octreotide (Sandostatin) is given as an injection to slow the progression of liver cancer tumors were large. But again, its efficacy has not been proven.
After chemotherapy through the hepatic artery is done, the patient may also experience abdominal pain and mild fever. This indicates that a more serious complication has developed.
3. Proton Beam Therapy
Proton Beam Therapy is a therapeutic technique that is able to deliver high doses of radiation in a defined local area. This therapy is also used in the treatment of other malignant tumors. Unfortunately, there is no evidence about the efficacy of this treatment method for liver cancer.
4. Operation
Surgery performed on patients who have tumors less than 5 centimeters and is limited to the liver. Other requirements for the surgery is no invasion of blood vessels to the liver.
5. Liver Resection
Liver resection aimed at lifting all of the tumor and surrounding liver tissue without leaving any tumor behind. This action can only be performed on patients who have small tumors three centimeters or less size, liver function perfectly, and without cirrhosis. However, because of the requirements that also then not many liver cancer patients can undergo a liver incision.
The biggest concern of slicing is that after surgery, the patient can experience liver failure. Liver failure can also occur if the remaining portion of the liver was not adequate to provide the necessary support for life.
6. Liver Transplantation
A
liver transplant could be one method of treatment for patients with
end-stage liver cancer of various types, such as chronic hepatitis B and
C or alcoholic cirrhosis. Survival figures for patients without liver cancer is 90 percent in
one year, 80 percent in three years, and 75 percent within five years.Liver
transplantation is the best option for patients who have tumors with a
size of less than five centimeters which also has signs of liver
failure. In fact, liver transplantation in patients who had tumors measuring
less than three centimeters, but has no involvement with the blood
vessels can run well.After the transplant patient has a recurrence risk of liver cancer is less than 10 percent. On
the other hand, patients who have tumors larger than five centimeters
or with the involvement of blood vessels at very high risk for liver
cancer relapse.
In summary, liver incision can be done for patients who have small tumors and normal liver function or no evidence of cirrhosis. Meanwhile, patients with liver cancer who have tumors that many or large can also undergo a liver transplant, but should be mitigated or alleviated by intra-arterial chemotherapy. The condition of patients did not have signs of severe liver failure.
7. Liver Biopsy or Suction
Liver cancer tissues can be sampled using a very thin needle. This technique is called fine needle aspiration. Meanwhile, when a larger needle is used to obtain a core network, the technique is called a biopsy.The radiologist usually uses a CT Scan to direct the placement of a needle or perform a biopsy and fine needle aspiration. The most common risk of biopsy is bleeding, especially since liver cancer is a tumor that contains blood vessels.Suctioning procedure is safer than a biopsy because they have a smaller risk of bleeding. Still, a fine needle aspiration requires a pathologist with high skills.If
a patient has liver cancer risk factors, such as cirrhosis, chronic
hepatitis B or C chronic hepatisis, and blood levels of AFP is increased
significantly, so doctors usually conclude without doing a biopsy that
the person has liver cancer.
To avoid this dangerous disease, should be advised to not consume raw dishes so as not to increase the burden of liver. Fried veggies should be eaten on the spot and not stored for a long time. Let's not do lifestyle prioritizes only hit kromo like eating fast food, many dyes, many preservatives and food flavorings.
Changes in diet and time settings as possible should also be done so
that the body is able to absorb and know the schedule of the operating
time of the body's metabolism.The following settings recommended time:
1. 9:00 to 11:00 p.m
Disposal
activities occurred unnecessary chemicals (poisonous. The antibody part
of the lymph nodes. At that time we should fill the time by doing
something that no longer require the power of thought and physical
energy. Should we listen to the music we fit, and no longer engage in
activities that exhausting.
2. 11:00 p.m to 01:00 a.m
Detoksin process in the liver. This process occurs in deep sleep state.
3. 01:00 to 3:00 a.m
Detoksin process in the bile. Takes place under conditions of sleep.
4. 3:00 to 5:00 a.m.
Detoksin process in the lungs. Usually this period there is a process through coughing, and not to hinder the process.
5. 05:00 to 7:00 a.m.
Detoksin process in the colon. We had to urinate and a large bathroom.
6. 07:00 to 9:00 a.m.
The absorption of the small intestine. Therefore we need to eat breakfast this time.
In maintaining good health and to enhance the immune system, should any person using the sleep time as well as possible, so that the resilience of his endurance is not disturbed. If
the person does not comply with the schedule of hours of sleep as
described above, certain endurance concerned will be disrupted. Hope it is useful. (AM)
